Application of APP/PS1 Transgenic Mouse Model for Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder, will not only reduce quality of life severely, but also bring heavy economic burden to the family and society. Slow progress in AD therapies partially due to lack of appropriate animal models. APP/PS1 transgenic mouse, a widely used animal model for AD, can be used in lots of aspects for AD related study, such as neuronal apoptosis, inflammation, cholinergic abnormal, neurogenesis disorder and synaptic plasticity. Despite all this, APP/PS1 transgenic mice model is not a perfect model, and more suitable animal model according to the aim of research should be established. *Corresponding author: Hao Li, Geriatric department, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, Tel No: 01062887973; E-mail: [email protected] Received November 09, 2015; Accepted December 07, 2015; Published December 14, 2015 Citation: Li H, Wei Y, Wang Z, Wang Q (2015) Application of APP/PS1 Transgenic Mouse Model for Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 5: 201. doi: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000201 Copyright: © 2015 Li H, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. mutant, the APP KI mutation alone does not affect markers for adult hippocampal neurogenesis [12]. PS1 KI mice, a model that shows cognitive decline developed in an Aβ-independent way, therefore plaque-dependent pathology cannot be expected [13]. Tg models are important models for the AD study. They are established on the basis of genetics, mainly involves amyloid precursor protein(APP) gene on chromosome 21, presenilin1 (PS1) gene on chromosome 14, presenilin 2 (PS2) gene on chromosome 1, Tau protein gene on chromosome 17 and Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene on chromosome 19 [14]. By transgenesis, the course of AD can be simulated steadily at molecular level. Meanwhile, this technique can produce many animals at the same time, so the reliability and repeatability of experimental results can be ensured. Tg models have three types: single transgenic models such as APP Tg mouse model, double Tg models such as APP/PS1 Tg mouse model and triple Tg mouse models such as APP/ PS1/Tau Tg mouse model [15]. Although the emergence of Tg model is a hot spot of AD research in recent years, there are still problems in the application of Tg AD models, such as lack of aging process, poor reproductive ability and immunity. Therefore, compared with the real AD pathological changes, there is still a long way to go. APP/PS1 Tg mouse model Double Tg mouse from a cross line between APP and PS gene is an acknowledged method that β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition fastest in the brain [16]. Double Tg APP/PS1 mouse model mainly include five kinds: APPswe × PS1, APPSL × PS1M146L, APPswe × PS1dE9, 5 × FAD and APPSL × PS1ki [17], of which APPswe × PS1dE9 is the most widely used AD model. APPswe is a Swedish family mutation. Leu and Lys are substituted by Asn and Met at the end sites of 670 and 671 coding sequence of APP. PS1dE9 is the ninth exon deletion in the Citation: Li H, Wei Y, Wang Z, Wang Q (2015) Application of APP/PS1 Transgenic Mouse Model for Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 5: 201. doi: 10.4172/2161-0460.1000201